Oxonitride nitrogen (I) (nitrogenium oxydulatum) - at normal temperature is a colorless nonflammable gas with a pleasant smell and a sweet taste, heavier than air (relative density 1.527). Chemical formula (N2O). Soluble in water (1:2). At 0°C and a pressure of 30 ATM, and at a normal temperature and a pressure of 40 ATM thickens into a colorless liquid. 500 liters of gas is formed from 1 kg of liquid nitrous oxide. Does not ignite, but supports combustion. Mixture with ether, cyclopropane, ethyl chloride in certain concentrations, explosive. Other nitrogen oxides: N2O, NO, N2O3, N2O5.
Nitrous oxide is obtained by heating dry ammonium nitrate. Decomposition begins at 170 ° C and is accompanied by heat release. Therefore, it is very dangerous to produce it under artisanal conditions, as at temperatures above 300 °C ammonium nitrate decomposes with explosion. It is also possible to obtain and other chemical reactions (eg heating sulfamic acid with 73% nitric acid).
Product: in metal cylinders with a capacity of 10 liters under pressure of 50 ATM in the liquefied state. Cylinders are painted in gray color and have the inscription "for medical use".
Slang names: dinitrogen oxide, laughing gas, nitrous oxide, nitrogen Oxinitride.
Is used mostly as a means for inhalation narcosis, mostly combined with other drugs (from-for not enough strong painkillers actions). At the same time, this compound can be called the safest means for anesthesia, since after its use there are almost no complications. It is also sometimes used to improve the performance of internal combustion engines. The substance containing nitrous oxide and fuel are injected into the intake (suction) of the engine manifold. Reduces the temperature of the air sucked into the engine, providing a dense incoming charge of the mixture. Increases the oxygen content in the incoming charge (air contains only 22% oxygen by weight). Increases the speed (intensity) of combustion in engine cylinders.
Toxicomanes use it inhalation, mainly using balloons.
Consequences of the use of Nitrous oxide:
Cheerful gas relieves anxiety, improves mood, reduces pain, leads to a state of euphoria. Rapid achievement of a state of euphoria turned laughing gas in a very popular tool for various kinds of youth parties. But not everyone knows that the use of laughing gas can produce irreversible effects on the brain and nervous system. Even at low concentrations it disrupted their thinking, made it difficult to work the muscles, impairs vision and hearing.
It is established that the regular use of laughing gas can suppress the development of all blood cells. As a result of prolonged inhalation of nitrous oxide can also develop a degenerative disease of the spinal cord, which manifests itself in violation of the sensitivity (burning, feeling of "pins and needles", numbness), tremor of arms and legs, paresis of the limbs, etc. of the above diseases require long-term treatment.
Its use is possible only under the control of specialists who have undergone appropriate training. Without proper supervision and in pure form (without the "dilution" of oxygen) the use of laughing gas can be deadly.
Intoxication caused by nitrous oxide, accompanied by a trance state, in connection with which is sometimes used by hypnotherapists during drug hypnosis.
Signs of use nitrous Oxide:
With short - term use, stupid behavior, unreasonable unrestrained laughter, dizziness, frequent headaches, frequent fainting and frequent loss of consciousness.
With long-term use of short-term amnesia, emotional instability, impaired mental processes, hearing and touch, shaky gait, slurred speech, gradual atrophy of the brain.
From the history of nitrous Oxide:
1776 Joseph Priestly for the first time opens the nitrous oxide.
1799 Humphry Davy in well-equipped laboratories of the Pneumatic Institute was able to obtain nitrous oxide in large quantity. (It was Davy who found that inhalation of this gas leads to a short period of intoxication by its properties "similar to intoxication" and called this substance "merry gas".)
1824 - English surgeon Henry hill Hickman first proposed the use of this gas as an anaesthetic in surgery
in 1845, when a young dentist named Horace Wells visited a demonstration of the effects that gave a laughing gas. During the demonstration, one of the visitors accidentally tripped and badly cut up, and wells noted that this visitor felt no pain, despite his bad cut. As a dentist, wells immediately saw the prospects for the use of this drug in dentistry.
18th century there is a new attraction where participants were given to inhale nitrous oxide from leather bags.
Today nitrous oxide is widely used in dentistry and many other areas of surgery.
Recreationally active role in the dissemination of new psychoactive substances play night clubs, various Internet resources and social networks, offering to order "laughing gas" on the house. Prices for "merry gas" is very affordable: a set consisting of 10 disposable cans can be bought for a couple of thousand rubles.
